Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Since the early eighties, we have been only too aware of the devastating effects of large-scale environmental pollution. Such pollution is generally the result of poor government planning in many developing nations or the shortsighted, selfish policies of the already industrialized countries, which encourage a minority of the world’s population to squander the majority of its natural resources.
While events such as the deforestation of the Amazon jungle or the nuclear disaster in Chernobyl continue to receive high media exposure, as do acts of environmental sabotage, it must be remembered that not all pollution is on this grand scale. A large proportion of the world's pollution has its source much closer to home. The recent spillage of crude oil from an oil tanker accidentally discharging its cargo straight into Sydney not only caused serious damage to the harbor foreshores but also created severely toxic fumes which hung over the suburbs for days and left the angry residents wondering how such a disaster could have been allowed to happen.
Avoiding pollution can be a fulltime job. Try not to inhale traffic fumes; keep away from Chemical plants and building-sites; wear a mask when cycling. It is enough to make you want to stay at home. But that, according to a growing body of scientific evidence, would also be a bad idea. Research shows that levels of pollutants such as hazardous gases, particulate matter and other chemical 'nasties’ are usually higher indoors than out, even in the most polluted cities. Since the average American spends 18 hours indoors for every hour outside, it looks as though many environmentalists may be attacking the wrong target.
Question 31: The best title for this passage could be _____.
A. the devastating effects of environmental pollution in some areas.
B. indoor pollution in industrialized countries.
C. environmental pollution as a result of poor policies.
D. deforestation of the Amazon jungle.
Question 32: Which statement about Sydney harbor is probably TRUE according to the passage?
A. The Sydney Harbour oil spill was the result of a collision between two oil tankers.
B. The Sydney Harbour oil spill was the result of a deliberate act of sabotage.
C. The Sydney Harbour oil spill was the result of a ship refueling in the harbor.
D. The Sydney Harbour oil spill was the result of a tanker pumping oil into the sea.
Question 33: The word “its” in paragraph 2 refers to _____?
A. an oil tanker B. crude oil C. pollution D. spillage
Question 34: In paragraph 3, the writer suggests that _____.
A. people should avoid working in cities
B. hazardous gases are concentrated in industrial suburbs
C. there are several ways to avoid city pollution
D. Americans spend too little time outdoors
Question 35: The word "nasties" in paragraph 3 means _____.
A. dangerous B. kind C. composition D. dirty
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31. Đáp án C
32. Đáp án B
33. Đáp án D
34.
35. Đáp án D
Question 31: The best title for this passage could be _____.
Đáp án A
Từ "nasties” trong đoạn 3 có nghĩa là ________.
A. dirty (a): bẩn
B. kind (a): tốt
C. compositional (a): thuộc thành phần cấu tạo
D. dangerous (a): nguy hiểm
=> Nasty = dirty
Căn cứ vào thông tin đoạn 3:
“Research shows that levels of pollutants such as hazardous gases, particulate matter and other chemical ‘nasties’ are usually higher indoors than out, even in the most polluted cities.” (Nghiên cứu cho thấy mức độ của các chất gây ô nhiễm như khí độc hại, các hạt vật chất và các chất hóa học bẩn khác thường ở trong nhà cao hơn ngoài trời, ngay cả ở các thành phố ô nhiễm nhất.)
Đáp án C
Từ “ its” trong đoạn 2 thay thế cho từ _______.
A. tràn B. dầu thô C. một tàu chở dầu D. ô nhiễm
Căn cứ vào thông tin đoạn 1: “The recent spillage of crude oil from an oil tanker accidentally discharging its cargo straight into Sydney not only caused serious damage to the harbor foreshores but also created severely toxic fumes.”
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