a) \( - 5074,1\;{\rm{kJ}}\); b) \(2,{3.10^6}\;{\rm{kg}}\); c) \(1,{58.10^8}\;{\rm{mol}}\); d) propane.

\({{\rm{C}}_8}{{\rm{H}}_{18}}(l) + \frac{{25}}{2}{{\rm{O}}_2}(g) \to 8{\rm{C}}{{\rm{O}}_2}(g) + 9{{\rm{H}}_2}{\rm{O}}(g)\)

a) ${\Delta }_{\text{r}}{\text{H}}_{298}^{\text{o}}=\left[8.\right(-393,5)+9.(-241,8\left)\right]-1.(-250,1)=-5074,1( \text{kJ})$.

b) Số kg octane cần là:

\(\frac{{ - 1,0 \cdot {{10}^{11}}}}{{ - 5074,1 \cdot 114}} = 2,3 \cdot {10^9}(\;{\rm{g}}) = 2,3 \cdot {10^6}(\;{\rm{kg}}){\rm{. }}\)

c) Số mol CO 2 phát thải là: \(\frac{{ - 1,0 \cdot {{10}^{11}}}}{{ - 5074,1 \cdot 8}} = 1,58 \cdot {10^8}(\;{\rm{mol}})\).

d) \({{\rm{C}}_3}{{\rm{H}}_8}(g) + 5{{\rm{O}}_2}(g) \to 3{\rm{C}}{{\rm{O}}_2}(g) + 4{{\rm{H}}_2}{\rm{O}}(g)\)

${\Delta }_{\text{r}}{\text{H}}_{298}^{°}=\left[3.\right(-393,5)+4.(-241,8\left)\right]-1.(-103,8)=-2043,9( \text{kJ})\text{. }$

Số mol CO2 phát thải là: \(\frac{{ - 1,0 \cdot {{10}^{11}}}}{{ - 2043,9 \cdot 3}} = 1,47 \cdot {10^8}(\;{\rm{mol}})\).