During the past few decades, urbanization has grown to be a major global (1)........  Numerous cities have grown quickly, which has both advantages and (2)........  . Although governments have implemented a number of (3) ......... to control this expansion, difficulties still(4)........  There is a greater need for housing, employment, and (5) .......as more people relocate to cities. Urbanization has led to more jobs and (6).......  opportunities, but it has also brought about problems like (7)....... and environmental (8)........  If these problems are not addressed, the quality of life in cities may (9) ......... in the future. Therefore, governments must find sustainable solutions to ensure that cities can (10)...... these challenges effectively.

advantages, disadvantages, overpopulation, exist, infrastructure, trend, manage, pollution, educational, regulations, decline

Helmets should be worn at all ______.

A. moments
B. occasions
C. points
D. times

Exercise 3: Rewrite the following sentences with the meaning unchanged.

I study hard. I want to pass the exam. (ORDER)
We succeeded in digging the Panama canal. (MANAGED)
She said she would finish her homework. (PROMISED)
It’s challenging to learn Korean. (TO)
She doesn’t know how much she should sell her camera. (TO)
He didn’t know how he could get to the Old Quarters. (TO)

My First Visit to the City by Phil Jenkins

I’ve just returned from spending a week in the city with my cousin, Jed. I live with my parents and sister in a small country village, so it was interesting to go and find out about city life.

The first thing I noticed was the cost of everything. Cities are really expensive, and we spent loads when we ate out in a café. Every day, we went into the city centre, but because Jed lives a 30- minute train ride out of town, it was easier to stay in the city than go back to eat. Luckily, Jed knew some cheaper takeaway places that did stuff like salads and vegetable soups. They’re not things I’d usually choose - burgers are more my thing - but I tried a lot of new things and I found quite a few vegetables and things that I actually liked - Mum will be pleased, I’m sure!

I missed the peace and quiet of the countryside a little, though the city traffic didn’t bother me. I saw some amazing fast cars I’ve never seen in the countryside. I soon got used to being among all the people, too. City life’s got a real buzz about it. I met all Jed’s friends and noticed that they were wearing expensive clothes with logos. At first, I felt a bit uncomfortable in my own stuff-just old jeans and shirts I wear round the farm - but then my cousin lent me these really stylish trainers which made me feel like I fitted in with the crowd a bit better. But it didn’t really matter. I saw all kinds of people wearing all kinds of things and I liked the fact that in the city you can wear whatever you want.

After a few days, I started to run out of money, so we had to find other things to do rather than shopping or eating out. I was amazed by how many free or cheap things there are to do in a city. For example, one lunchtime we walked into a museum where a really cool band was playing. You’d never get that in our little village museum! There were loads of other things I didn’t get to do in the city - but that just means there’s more for next time.

Before I went to the city, I’d always thought of myself as a country boy. I love going out riding, helping on my dad’s farm and having an outdoor life. Now I’ve seen what else is available, I might want to spend more of my time in the city. I guess the ideal thing would be to get a fiat and work in the city when I’m old enough, but escape to the country at the weekend. Then I’d get the best of both worlds - I can’t wait!

1. What is the main point of the text?

A. to give advice about things to do in the city

B. to describe someone’s feelings about an experience

C. to warn readers about how expensive city living is

D. to compare living in the city with the countryside

2. What does Phil say about eating in the city?

A. They had burgers and other fast food.

B. They bought a range of healthy foods.

C. They wanted to eat in expensive restaurants.

D. They preferred taking the train home for lunch.

3. During his time in the city, Phil felt _____________.

A. nervous about meeting new people

B. annoyed by all the traffic noise

C. embarrassed about his sense of style        

D. bothered by the crowds

4. How does Phil feel about the city?

A. surprised by the range of things there was to do there

B. excited about going back to visit as soon as he can

C. unsure about whether he wants to live there

D. disappointed that he didn’t get to see anything

5. What email would Phil send to his cousin Jed?

A. I really enjoyed staying with you, but I definitely prefer being in the countryside.

B. You never know, one day I might come and live in the city - maybe we could share anapartment!

C. I haven’t made up my mind whether I prefer the city or the country, but I had a brilliant time with you!

D. I found the city a bit scary, so I’m really glad I had you to show me around!
 

ERROR IDENTIFICATION
Identify 10 mistakes and correct them.

Most children with healthy appetites are ready to eat almost anything that is offering to them and a child rarely dislikes food unless it is badly cooked. The way a meal is cooked and served is the most important and an attractive served meal will often improve a child’s appetite. Never ask a child whether he likes and dislikes a food and never discuss likes and dislikes in front of him or allow nobody else to do so. If the father says he hates fat meat or the mother refuses vegetables under the child’s hearing he is likely to copy this procedure. Take it for grant that he likes everything and he probably will. Nothing healthful should be omitted out the meal because of a supposing dislike. At meal times it is a good idea to give a child a small portion and let him come back for a second helping other than give him as much as he is likely to eat all at once. Do not talk too much to the child during meal times, but let him get on with his food, and do not allow him to leave the table immediately after a meal or he will soon learn to swallow his food so that he can hurry back to his toys. Under no circumstance must a child be coaxed or forced to eat.

41. Peter will arrange a big party next week.
– A big party …………………………………………………………………

42. They collect rainwater from a roof and send it to a container.
……………………………………………………………………………………

43. Air-to-water technology creates water from the air and releases it all the time.
……………………………………………………………………………………

4. Parents should encourage their kids to share the housework for their own good as well as the good of the whole family.

A. comfort
B. respect
C. appreciate
D. stimulate